The hajj is a transformative, emotional and spiritually moving experience — the spiritual pinnacle of a devout Muslim’s life,” said Yasir Qadhi,

There’s a sense of deflation and spiritual loss, and a great sadness.

“It is not just the ritual, but the meeting places, the many great friendships and bonds that are established and built there year after year.”

Apprehension Engine

big emotional impacts with relatively sparse musical gestures

ingle repeating tremolo string arpeggio that relentlessly burrows

slippery slide guitar slithers upward across the Main Title Theme, creating that distinct siren-like wail

unification of the trinity

Moreover, the white garment worn is symbolic of purity and spiritual rebirth as adherents find new life in Christ, thus expressing belief in the life, death and resurrection of Christ as in the words of St Paul, adherents “Put on Christ and rise with Christ”

efficacy measured by negative binomial regression against first or only episode of clinical malaria in the 12 months after dose 3 was 31.3% (97.5%CI 23.6–38.3%, p < .0001) for infants and 55.8% (97.5%CI 50.6–60.4%, p < .0001) in the 5–17 month age group.2

four-dose efficacy

25.9% in infants 6–12 weeks of age, and 36.3% efficacy over median 48 months in children 5–17 months of age.2

large part of malaria control had been the use of pesticides sprayed onto building walls and floors, and in areas where mosquitoes were known to breed and rest.

quickly lost potency and had to be reapplied every two weeks

despite significant efforts to eradicate malaria, it is still widely prevalent around the world. Statistically speaking, there were 210 million new cases of malaria in 2015, and this figure rose to 216 million cases in 2016!

Temperature, rainfall and humidity, in particular, have a huge impact on the mosquito life cycle. They influence their rates of development, breeding and mortality. This means these factors play a key role in mosquito-borne diseases, as the transmission of these diseases depends on the ecology of the mosquito vector.

serve as breeding sites for the mosquitoes

National Malaria Eradication Program

Mosquito breeding sites were reduced by controlling water levels and insecticide applications

1947

more of a proof of concept than an actually deployable drive; if released into the wild in India, it’s likely the malaria parasite would develop resistance to the genetic change

developed nonetheless serves as a model for an approach to malaria gene drives sometimes known as “alleviation drives,” which are meant to spread traits to mosquitoes meant to render them invulnerable to malaria infection

suppression drives because they suppress the population. And they’re making big progress; a paper released by the London team in September 2018 found that a suppression gene drive they designed reached 100 percent prevalence among mosquitos in a lab after 7-11 generations.